Intentional Islanding Algorithm for LVDC Microgrid-Based Disaster Resilient Power Systems
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
The combination of a low-voltage DC (LVDC) microgrid with an Intentional Islanding Algorithm (IIA) is presented in this paper to guarantee stable and reliable operation during microgrid disturbances. By isolating the LVDC network and identifying abnormal grid conditions, the proposed algorithm enables a rapid transition from islanded to grid-connected mode. Solar photovoltaic generation and battery energy storage are incorporated into the system to support sustainable energy use and maintain power balance during on-site operation. The performance of the proposed II algorithm is compared with conventional islanding detection algorithms, such as the passive islanding algorithm, the active islanding algorithm, and the hybrid islanding algorithm, using parameters including voltage stability, settling time, power balance, continuity of supply to critical loads, and power quality. A modified IEEE-recommended distribution system serves as the foundation for the LVDC microgrid model, implemented in MATLAB/Simulink. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed IIA significantly improves system performance by reducing voltage fluctuations, accelerating system stabilisation, improving DC-link current behaviour, and ensuring uninterrupted power supply to critical loads during grid outages. These results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed approach in improving the reliability and resilience of LVDC microgrids.
Downloads
Article Details
Section
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
References
Y. Zhang, A. M. El-Saadany, and M. M. A. Salama, “Resilience-Oriented Operation of Microgrids Under Extreme Weather Events: A Review,” IEEE Access, vol. 12, pp. 15432–15455, 2024, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3356721
S. Ahmed, H. Bevrani, and T. Ise, “Power System Resilience Enhancement Strategies Against Natural Disasters: A Comprehensive Review,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 189, 2024, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2024.113897
M. S. Rahman, A. T. Elsayed, and J. M. Guerrero, “Low-Voltage DC Microgrids: Architecture, Control, and Protection—Recent Advances and Future Trends,” IEEE Access, vol. 12, pp. 98211–98236, 2024, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3401123
H. Lotfi and A. Khodaei, “AC vs DC Microgrids: A Comparative Review of Technologies, Control Strategies, and Applications,” Electric Power Systems Research, vol. 228, 2024, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2024.110020
H. Mahmood, D. Michaelson, and J. Jiang, “Advanced Control and Energy Management of DC Microgrids: Stability and Islanded Operation,” IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 1123–1135, Jan. 2024, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/TSG.2023.3312456
P. K. Ray, S. R. Mohanty, and N. Kishor, “Islanding Detection Techniques for Distributed Generation: A Review of Passive, Active, and Hybrid Methods,” Electric Power Systems Research, vol. 230, 2024, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2024.110183
Y. Akıl, A. R. Boynuegri, and M. Yilmaz, “Robust Detection of Microgrid Islanding Events Under Diverse Operating Conditions Using RVFLN,” Energies, vol. 18, no. 17, Aug. 2025, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/en18174470
A. A. Okasha, D.-E. A. Mansour, A. B. Zaky, J. Suehiro, and T. F. Megahed, “A Novel IoT-Based Controlled Islanding Strategy for Enhanced Power System Stability and Resilience,” Smart Cities, vol. 7, no. 6, pp. 3871–3894, Dec. 2024, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/smartcities7060149
IEEE Std. 1547.6-2011, “IEEE Recommended Practice for Interconnecting Distributed Energy Resources With Electric Power Systems Distribution Secondary Networks”, The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, pp. 1- 38, 2011; updated PAR active for 2025 guidance on IEEE P1547.6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEESTD.2011.6022734
J. Javid, I. Kocar, W. Holderbaum, and U. Karaagac, “Future Distribution Networks: A Review,” Energies, vol. 17, no. 8, Apr. 2024, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/en17081822
S. K. Hofer, D. Van Hertem, and P. Rodriguez, “Review of LVDC Distribution Systems: Architecture, Control, and Emerging Applications,” IEEE Access, vol. 11, pp. 38752–38771, 2023, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3278541
S. Hossain, M. A. Mahmud, and A. Kalam, “Comparative Analysis and Implementation of DC Microgrid for Efficient Renewable Integration,” Frontiers in Energy Research, vol. 12, May 2024, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fenrg.%202024.1370547
A. K. Singh, S. Singh, and J. Sharma, “A Review of Distributed Energy Resources and Their Role in Resilient Microgrids,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 191, 2024, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2024.113682
R. N. Kumar, A. K. Pandey, and S. C. Kaushik, “Modelling and Simulation of Photovoltaic Systems: A Review,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 190, 2024, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2024.113657
M. A. Hossain, M. S. Hossain, and J. Uddin, “Single-Diode Model of Photovoltaic Cells for Accurate Performance Prediction,” IEEE Access, vol. 12, pp. 45678–45692, 2024, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2024.337289
X. Liu, S. Shafie, M. A. M. Radzi, et al., “Simulation-Based Evaluation of Power Efficiency and Output Capacitance in Standalone PV MPPT Buck Converters Using 200 V p-GaN HEMTs,” Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology, vol. 20, pp. 3875–3887, 2025, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42835-025-02334-y
A. Mashaly, M. Elmadawy, M. Elgohary, et al., “Novel and Cost-Efficient Design of Stand-Alone PV System with Simulation Using PVsyst and Experimental Validation,” Scientific Reports, vol. 15, 2025, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-28401-y
I. D. Sara, N. Rosmin, M. Bahi, and M. D. Mohd Zulkepli, “Design and Sizing of Stand-Alone Photovoltaic Systems for Remote Areas,” Journal of Energy Safety and Technology, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 130–141, Dec. 2024, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11113/jest.v7.187
P. K. Ray, S. R. Mohanty, and N. Kishor, “Islanding Detection Techniques for Distributed Generation: A Review of Passive, Active, and Hybrid Methods,” Electric Power Systems Research, vol. 230, 2024, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2024.110183
Y. Akıl, A. R. Boynuegri, and M. Yilmaz, “Robust Detection of Microgrid Islanding Events Under Diverse Operating Conditions Using RVFLN,” Energies, vol. 18, no. 17, Aug. 2025, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/en18174470
“Deep Neural Networks Based Method to Islanding Detection for Multi-Sources Microgrid,” Energy Reports, vol. 10, 2024, pp. 1–10, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2024.02.046
A. A. Okasha, D.-E. A. Mansour, A. B. Zaky, J. Suehiro, and T. F. Megahed, “A Novel IoT-Based Controlled Islanding Strategy for Enhanced Power System Stability and Resilience,” Smart Cities, vol. 7, no. 6, pp. 3871–3894, Dec. 2024, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/smartcities7060149
M. F. M. El-Sousy, N. A. Larik, W. Lue, S. Z. Almutairi, M. H. Alqahtani, and S. Mobayen, “Robust Modified Passive Islanding Detection for Microgrids Using Mathematical Morphology Based Dual Algorithm,” Scientific Reports, vol. 15, Art. no. 6231, 2025, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-89014-z